中文
Since the 13th five year plan, China’s power industry has stepped onto a new stage of green and efficient transformation and development.
By the end of October 2020, China’s installed power generation capacity will be 2.1 billion kilowatts, including 1.23 billion kilowatts of thermal power, 370 million kilowatts of hydropower, 49.89 million kilowatts of nuclear power, 230 million kilowatts of wind power and 230 million kilowatts of solar power. Relevant forecasts show that by the end of 2020, China’s installed power generation capacity will reach 2.14 billion kilowatts, an increase of 630 million kilowatts compared with 2015; the installed capacity of non fossil energy will account for 43.7%, an increase of 8.7 percentage points compared with 2015.
The 13th five year plan is also the outbreak period of China’s power grid construction. A number of AC and DC UHV projects have been completed and put into operation, further enhancing the trans regional transmission capacity. In addition, a number of other voltage level key power grid projects, such as Tibet China interconnection project, Ali interconnection project and Zhangbei flexible DC power grid project, have been put into operation, and the power grid has realized stronger and bigger.
In the past five years, a new round of power reform has been steadily promoted, the power sales and incremental distribution market has become increasingly active, the “flavor” of power auxiliary service market has become increasingly strong, and the construction of power spot market is breaking the ice in exploration. However, when we see the achievements, we should also pay attention to the fact that the reform is difficult to implement due to local barriers, price mechanism and other factors. Looking forward to the fourteenth five year plan, electric power companies still need to overcome difficulties and continue to write a new chapter of reform.
During the 13th Five Year Plan period, while providing solid energy support for China’s high-quality economic development, the coal industry has also achieved unprecedented high-quality development
The development layout has been continuously optimized, the industrial pattern has been continuously improved, and the transformation and upgrading have made remarkable progress. By the end of 2019, the number of coal mines in China has decreased from 10800 in 2015 to about 5300; the output of large coal enterprises accounts for more than 80% of the country. The foundation of intelligent construction has been continuously consolidated, and the number of intelligent coal mining faces has increased from 3 in 2015 to 338 a few days ago.
In the 13th Five Year Plan period, we will go beyond capacity. By the end of 2019, it has withdrawn nearly 900 million tons of production capacity and completed the task of eliminating about 800 million tons of excess and backward production capacity.
The level of clean and efficient utilization continued to improve. The raw coal selection rate increased from 66% in 2015 to 73.2% in 2019; the modern coal chemical upgrading demonstration project fully realized ultra-low emission of flue gas, near zero emission of waste water and effective treatment of VOCs.
The situation of work safety continued to improve. The mortality rate per million tons decreased from 0.162 in 2015 to 0.083 in 2019.
While affirming the achievements, we should also clearly realize that under the background of striving to reach the peak of carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and striving to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, new changes will take place in the development speed, development mode and development constraints of the coal industry, which is a new issue that needs to be solved urgently.
Overfulfill the task ahead of time! By the end of October 2020, China’s wind power and photovoltaic grid connected installed capacity will both reach 230 million kilowatts, exceeding the set targets of 210 million kilowatts and 110 million kilowatts respectively in the 13th five year plan ahead of schedule.
At the end of 2015, China’s installed capacity of wind power grid connection was 129 million KW, and that of photovoltaic power generation was only 43.18 million KW. In the five years of the 13th five year plan, the installed capacity of wind power grid connection has increased by 70%, and the installed capacity of photovoltaic has increased by 1.5 times. China’s position as the world’s largest wind and solar power is more stable. Since the 13th five year plan, it is the large-scale development of new energy that has driven the overall decline of wind power and photovoltaic costs. At present, the price of wind power is almost the same as that of coal-fired power, and photovoltaic power generation has realized the user side parity.
In the past, clean and green new energy was like a beautiful cloud hanging in the sky, which was beyond people’s expectation. Now, the new energy that knocks on the door of low price “flies into the homes of ordinary people”, and has truly become an energy variety that can be used and affordable by ordinary people.
At the same time, we must also see that at present, although China’s installed capacity of wind power and photovoltaic power has steadily ranked first in the world, its proportion in the national power generation is still low: the proportion of wind power is less than 6%, and the proportion of photovoltaic power is lower. This shows that the new energy from alternative energy to the main energy “upper” road is still long. In the future, new energy should not be willing to be a “small pond”, but aspire to be a “Pacific Ocean”.
Reform is undoubtedly the key word for the development of the oil and gas industry during the 13th Five Year Plan period.
Upstream, exploration and development is open to foreign capital and private enterprises, oil and gas support capacity is continuously enhanced, and supply and service quality are continuously optimized, which plays a key role in curbing the rapid increase of oil and gas dependence on foreign countries. It is expected that domestic oil and gas production will reach 194 million tons and 190 billion cubic meters respectively in 2020.
In the middle reaches, the reform of oil and gas pipeline network that has been brewing for many years has finally broken the ice. The establishment of an independent national pipeline network company promotes the formation of an “x + 1 + X” oil and gas market system with multi-agent and multi-channel supply of upstream oil and gas resources, efficient gathering and transportation of unified pipeline network in the middle reaches, and full competition in the downstream sales market, which is conducive to the formation of a market-oriented oil and gas price mechanism.
Downstream, the state explicitly proposed for the first time to “support qualified enterprises to participate in the import of crude oil and the export of refined oil”. Zhejiang Petrochemical obtained the first non-state trade export qualification of refined oil in China, which is of great significance to resolve the domestic refining overcapacity and participate in the international market.
The “fourteenth five year plan” has come. Standing on a new starting line, the oil and gas industry is speeding up its transformation and upgrading. In the future, it is bound to walk out of a high-quality development road with better structure, better benefits and more full release of advantages.